Hamadan University of Medical Sciences Avicenna Journal of Medical Biochemistry 2345-4113 9 2 2021 12 29 Standardized Extract of Costus Afer Ker. Gawl leaves Modulates Reproductive Toxicity Caused by Fructose-Streptozotocin Administration in Type-2 Diabetic Rats Model 72 82 10.34172/ajmb.2021.13 EN Tope Gafar Atere https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9349-0990 Oluseyi Adeboye Akinloye Regina Ngozi Ugbaja David Ajiboye Ojo Journal Article 10.34172/ajmb.2021.13 2021 08 02 2021 09 07 Background: Co-administration of streptozotocin and fructose is believed to induce type 2 diabetes as well as to cause reproductive toxicity and testicular damage via increasing oxidative stress in rats. Objectives: In this study, the potential protective effect of Costus afer leaves methanol extract (CAME) on andrological parameters and pituitary-gonadal axis hormones of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in rats treated with streptozotocin and fructose was investigated. Methods: A total of 35 rats were divided into five groups, each including seven rats. Group 1 received normal saline, whereas T2D was induced in rats from groups 2, 3, 4, and 5. Group 2 served as diabetic control; while groups 3, 4, and 5 were treated orally with 12 mg/kg body weight (BW) of metformin as well as 100 and 200 BW of CAME, respectively, for 4 weeks. Hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal responses, andrological parameters, DNA fragmentation, and oxidative stress parameters of the reproductive organs were examined in all treatment groups. Results: Administration of CAME reduced the degenerative changes in testes, epididymis and improved pituitary-gonadal axis hormone concentrations, and sperm morphology occasioned by the treatments. Conclusion: It was concluded that the administration of CAME ameliorated reproductive abnormalities in T2D rat models treated with streptozotocin-fructose administration.