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Submitted: 30 Dec 2020
Accepted: 08 Mar 2021
ePublished: 29 Jun 2021
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Avicenna J Med Biochem. 2021;9(1): 8-14.
doi: 10.34172/ajmb.2021.02
  Abstract View: 1209
  PDF Download: 571

Research Article

Effect of Ethanol Extract of Aframomum angustifolium Seed on the Induction of Nephrotoxicity by Bromate in Wistar Rats

Israel Ehizuelen Ebhohimen 1* ORCID logo, Ngozi Paulinus Okolie 2

1 Department of Chemical Sciences, Samuel Adegboyega University, Ogwa Edo State, Nigeria
2 Department of Biochemistry, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
*Corresponding Author: *Corresponding author: Israel Ehizuelen Ebhohimen, Department of Chemical Sciences, Samuel Adegboyega University, Ogwa Edo State, Nigeria Email: , Email: israel.ebhohimen@ gmail.com

Abstract

Background: The continued use of bromate due to its oxidizing property poses health hazards since it is an established nephrotoxic agent.

Objectives: This study evaluated the capacity of the ethanol extract of Aframomum angustifolium seeds to ameliorate the nephrotoxicity of potassium bromate in Wistar rats.

Methods: In stage I of this study, the main phytochemical groups in the seeds were quantified using spectrophotometric procedures. The acute and sub-chronic toxicities of the extract were studied by monitoring physical and biochemical parameters in stage II. In stage III, the reno-protective effect of the extract were determined by administering 350 and 750 mg/kg bw of the extract with 30 mg/kg bw potassium bromate orally. The reno-protective study lasted for 56 days and the effect of treatment on biomarkers was determined on days 28 and 56.

Results: The phytochemical groups (i.e., alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, ascorbic acid, and alpha-tocopherol) were detected in the seeds. The acute and sub-chronic oral administration of the extract did not induce any significant toxic reactions across the studied concentrations. The sub-chronic administration of the extract reduced average weight gain in the treated groups. The obtained results in the reno-protective and histological studies indicated that the seed extract offers protection against the induced oxidative assault by bromate.

Conclusion: In general, the co-administration of the ethanol extract of A. angustifolium seeds with bromate can reduce its nephrotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner.




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