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Submitted: 14 Apr 2018
Accepted: 07 Jun 2018
ePublished: 29 Aug 2018
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Avicenna J Med Biochem. 2018;6(2): 50-55.
doi: 10.15171/ajmb.2018.11
  Abstract View: 1737
  PDF Download: 1254

Research Article

Electrophoretic Profile of Serum Proteins Using Capillary Technique in Patients Attending the Douala General Hospital, Cameroon

Judith Gwladys Ekwe Priso 1* ORCID logo, Jean Pierre Nda Mefo’o 1,2, Cécile Okalla Ebongue 1,2, Eveline Ngouadjeu Dongho Tsakeu 1,2, Catherine Akono Ndi 1,2, Gérard Beyiha 3, Marie Solange Doualla 3, Dieudonné Adiogo 2

1 Clinical Biology Laboratory, Douala General Hospital, Cameroon
2 Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Douala, Cameroon
3 Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Douala, Cameroon
*Corresponding Author: *Corresponding author: Judith Gwladys Ekwe Priso, Phone: +237 694 59 18 44 Email: , Email: epgwladys@yahoo.fr

Abstract

Background: Electrophoresis of serum proteins is an orientation examination routinely used in clinical practice. For a few years, agarose gel electrophoresis has tended to be replaced with capillary electrophoresis owing to an increase in the accuracy of results. However, this technique is uncommon and is not widely used in Cameroon.

Objectives: The research aimed at studying the electrophoretic profile of serum proteins using capillary technique among patients attending the Douala General Hospital, Cameroon.

Methods: Capillary electrophoresis was used to carry out tests on blood samples from any inpatients and outpatients and fasting for 8-12 hours. Capillary electrophoresis of serum samples was used for the separation of proteins into six fractions and the total protidemia of each serum samples was determined using the Biuret method. Results were interpreted by observing the shape of curves and quantitative variations in each fraction of the different serum proteins.

Results: A total of 311 patients participated in the study. The sampled population aged 50±18 years on average and consisted of 55.3% men and 44.7% women. All capillary electrophoresis profiles presented six protein fractions, namely, albumin, alpha (1 and 2), beta (1 and 2) and gamma globulins. Pathological disorders were diagnosed in 290 patients and 21 patients had normal results. Inflammatory syndromes accounted for 63.34% and monoclonal gammopathies for 10.29% the main pathological disorder identified.

Conclusion: Capillary electrophoresis provides a more precise identification of biological syndromes and clear distinction of the six fractions of each protein. Monoclonal profiles and inflammatory syndromes were well detected. A prevalence of 10.29% was determined for gammopathies.

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