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Submitted: 31 Dec 2023
Revision: 23 Feb 2024
Accepted: 24 Feb 2024
ePublished: 30 Jun 2024
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Avicenna J Med Biochem. 2024;12(1): 1-9.
doi: 10.34172/ajmb.2478
  Abstract View: 204
  PDF Download: 84

Original Article

Oxidative-Stress and Hematological Alterations Induced by the Egyptian Naja nubiae Venom in Rats

Asmaa Saad Mahmoud Shokhba 1 ORCID logo, Mohammed Alaa El-Deen A. Omran 1, Mohamed A. Abdel-Rahman 1, Nahla Soliman El-Shenawy 1* ORCID logo

1 Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
*Corresponding Author: Nahla Soliman El-Shenawy, Email: Nahla_elshennawy@science.suez.edu.eg, Email: elshenawy_nahla@hotmail.com

Abstract

Background: Snake venoms have been the subject of intense studies to understand the mechanisms involved in toxicity. Limited information is available regarding the Egyptian Spitting Cobra’s oxidative stress and hematological profile (Naja nubiae).

Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the oxidative stress produced by the venom of N. nubiae and determine its hematotoxic effects in rats.

Methods: The adult male Albino rats (N=30) were subcutaneously (SC) injected with a physiological saline solution in the control group. The SC injection of snake venom in groups 2 and 3 was 1/4 and 1/2 of the LD50 (0.32 mg/kg and 0.65 mg/kg body weight, respectively). Blood samples were collected at 30, 120, and 360 minutes post-injection for biochemical and hematological assays in both control and treated groups. Levels of oxidative stress biomarkers, including lipid peroxidation (LPO), protein carbonyl content (PCC), and nitric oxide (NO) were estimated. Antioxidants agents comprising glutathione (GSH) level, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) were also evaluated.

Results: The results showed that the effects of snake venom on blood cells are dose-dependent. Furthermore, significant alterations (P≤0.05) were observed in the hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, packed cell volume (PCV), and the number of red blood cells (RBCs) in response to a low dose of venom at the 30-minute time. In contrast to the control group, the venom induced a substantial elevation in LPO, NO, and PCC levels, indicating a disturbance in redox equilibrium. Additionally, significant reductions were detected in the GSH levels as well as SOD and CAT activities in all treated groups.

Conclusion: Overall, the cytotoxicity’s potential to induce oxidative stress may reduce its antioxidant systems, leading to redox disturbance and hematological alteration.


Please cite this article as follows: Shokhba ASM, Omran MAE , Abdel-Rahman MA, and El-Shenawy NS. Oxidative-stress and hematological alterations induced by the egyptian Naja nubiae venom in rats. Avicenna J Med Biochem. 2024; 12(1):1-9. doi:10.34172/ajmb.2478
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